When sizing cables, the heat generated  by losses within any sheath or armour need to be evaluated. When significant, it becomes a factor to be considered...

Photovoltaic (PV) cells (sometimes called solar cells) convert solar energy into electrical energy.  Every year more and more PV systems are installed...

Using software in our  work is essential for most of us and we are becoming even more dependant on it's use.  While software is a great asset, many times...

The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.

In a previous article I looked at the dc resistance of conductors and in this article we turn our attention to ac resistance. If you have not read the...

This post is quick introduction and overview to different railway electrification voltages used in answer to a question sent in via email. While there...

The image (reproduced from IEC 60909) shows a typical fault in an ac system.  From the illustration it can seen that there is an initial dc component ...

Straight forward list of some common motor faults.  If I have missed any other common faults, please take a bit of time to add them in as a comment below...

Problems on achieving maximum voltage drop within an installation come up often. Depending where you live, local regulations will have different limits...

Collection of links to various places with useful motor information. I’ll try and return to the page every now and again to update it with any motor notes...