When selecting a cable, the performance of the cable under fault conditions is an important consideration. It is important that calculations be carried...

A UPS is an uninterruptible power supply.  It is a device which maintains a continuous supply of electrical power, even in the event of failure of the...

The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.

Photovoltaic (PV) cells (sometimes called solar cells) convert solar energy into electrical energy.  Every year more and more PV systems are installed...

I think this post is going to be helpful to several of our readers. While the IEC low voltage circuit breaker Standard [IEC 60947-2, Low voltage switchgear...

Lead acid batteries are cost effect and reliable, making them suitable for many applications.This note examines topics of interest associated with the...

Variable frequency drives are widely used to control the speed of ac motors.  This note looks at the mechanisms which enable drive units to control the...

Often document control is dictated by project requirements, for example a particular organisation may have an existing numbering system. Existing company...

This post is quick introduction and overview to different railway electrification voltages used in answer to a question sent in via email. While there...

Sometimes it’s useful to be able to quickly lookup a piece of technical information.  This note is a collection of information related to motors, and in...