Three phase systems are derived from three separate windings, either connected in delta or star (wye). Each winding can be treated separately, leading...

The image (reproduced from IEC 60909) shows a typical fault in an ac system.  From the illustration it can seen that there is an initial dc component ...

Dielectrics (insulating materials for example) when subjected to a varying electric field, will have some energy loss.   The varying electric field causes...

This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.

This post is quick introduction and overview to different railway electrification voltages used in answer to a question sent in via email. While there...

Many medium voltage (MV) indoor switchgear rooms  exist worldwide. The complexity of these rooms varies considerably depending on location, function and...

Some colleagues had an issue earlier in the week on sizing conduits to be cast in concrete for some power cables . It became clear that none of us had...

Earthing of electrical systems is essential for the correct functioning and the protecting of life and equipment in the event of faults.  The earth electrode...

It wasn't so long ago I was telling someone that I don't use rules of thumb as most things are easily calculated anyhow.   As it turns out I last week...

Anyone specifying or using electric motors should have a basic understanding how the insulation is related to temperature. Three classes of insulation...