The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.

This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.

Current transformers (CTs) are used to convert high level currents to a smaller more reasonable level for use as inputs to protection relays and metering...

In three phase systems, the use of transformers with three windings (or legs) per side is common.  These three windings are often connected in delta or...

One of the fundamental requirements of an alternating current distribution systems it to have the ability to change the magnitude of voltages.  It is more...

When selecting a cable, the performance of the cable under fault conditions is an important consideration. It is important that calculations be carried...

The IET site has a video of a visit showing of a high tech meeting room developed at Napier University in Edinburgh. It a good demonstration of innovative...

Multimeters are undoubtedly the most common item of electrical test equipment in use.  Often it is the first piece of equipment people will turn to when...

Traditionally generation of electricity has involved rotating machines to produce alternating sinusoidal voltage and current (a.c. systems). With the development...

Power factor is the ratio between the real power (P in kW) and apparent power (S in kVA) drawn by an electrical load. The reactive power (Q in kVAr)...