The new standard IEC 61439 replaces the old 60439. Compared to the old standard, the new 61439 is a more clearly defined and takes into account the assembly...

The 27 km, Euro 6 billion  Collider lies on the border between France and Switzerland, took nearly 30 years to complete.  Some of the lofty goals for the...

Electromechanical relays have been the traditional backbone of electrical protection systems.  While over recent years these have been replaced by microprocessor...

Laplace transforms and their inverse are a mathematical technique which allows us to solve differential equations, by primarily using algebraic methods...

Famed English chemist and physicist Michael Faraday was born on September 22, 1791, in Newington Butts, a suburb of Surrey just south of the London Bridge...

Often document control is dictated by project requirements, for example a particular organisation may have an existing numbering system. Existing company...

The mobile phone was born in 1973. They were the size of a brick and weighed a couple of kg, making them difficult to fit into your pocket. At a few thousand...

If you want to check a circuit is dead (not live), you should always use the three point method. First check a known live circuit, then check the dead...

This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.

The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.