Photovoltaic (PV) cells (sometimes called solar cells) convert solar energy into electrical energy.  Every year more and more PV systems are installed...

Most installations involve some form of lightning protection system which is connected to an earth electrode.  The function of the earth electrode is to...

The other day I was reading 'Night of the New Magicians' by Mary Pope Osborn with my son.  The story is about a young boy and girl who travel back in time...

The calculation of current in a three phase system has been brought up on our site feedback and is a discussion I seem to get involved in every now and...

One of the fundamental requirements of an alternating current distribution systems it to have the ability to change the magnitude of voltages.  It is more...

Exposure to time varying magnetic fields, from power frequencies to the gigahertz range can have harmful consequences.  A lot of research has been conducted...

Problems on achieving maximum voltage drop within an installation come up often. Depending where you live, local regulations will have different limits...

While there are a vast array of cable insulation materials, these are often divided into two general types; Thermoplastic or Thermosetting. For example...

The other day I was talking to a colleague who is a building services consultant.  Despite regularly specifying dry-type/cast resin transformers he was...

Various techniques exist to enable the correct selection of batteries for UPS applications.  The procedure described below is one of the more common. ...