Over the past year or so I've been involved in on going discussions related to referring fault levels from the secondary of a transformer to the primary...

Depending where in the world you work, you are likely following one of two standards International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) National...

These lifts were first built in 1884 by J. E. Hall and called a paternoster ("Our Father", the first two words of the Lord's Prayer in Latin) due to its...

The windings of many medium and small sized transformers are protected by restricted earth fault (REF) systems. The illustration shows the principal of...

The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.

Famed English chemist and physicist Michael Faraday was born on September 22, 1791, in Newington Butts, a suburb of Surrey just south of the London Bridge...

Various techniques exist to enable the correct selection of batteries for UPS applications.  The procedure described below is one of the more common. ...

I have been thinking recently that there appears to be less professional integrity around than when I first started my career in electrical engineering...

Visitors who like to type web address rather then click menus may be interested in how our URL structure works.

There are a lot of interesting two page type notes on various medium voltage topics – switchgear, circuit breakers, bus systems etc. It is on the Siemens...