Following on from my post on railway electrification voltages, I thought an introduction to traction substations would be a good idea. Traction substations...

Various techniques exist to enable the correct selection of batteries for UPS applications.  The procedure described below is one of the more common. ...

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are typically more efficient when connected in parallel with a main power gird. During periods when the PV system generates energy...

A recurring theme on our forums is cable sizing. Now many installations are unique and require special consideration. However, a lot of the time things...

Visitors who like to type web address rather then click menus may be interested in how our URL structure works.

There are a lot of interesting two page type notes on various medium voltage topics – switchgear, circuit breakers, bus systems etc. It is on the Siemens...

We have had the Wiki with us for a long time now, but at last I have decided to say bye bye – more details on why below.

I think this post is going to be helpful to several of our readers. While the IEC low voltage circuit breaker Standard [IEC 60947-2, Low voltage switchgear...

Problems on achieving maximum voltage drop within an installation come up often. Depending where you live, local regulations will have different limits...

A couple of months ago I came Microsoft's OneNote and downloaded the 60 day free trail. Since then I have been using it regularly and now have a full license...