Power cables can basically be classified into earthed and unearthed cables, where earthed and unearthed refer to the application for which the cable is...

HTML supports a variety of entity symbols which can be entered using either numbers or an entity name.  The number or name is preceded by the ‘&’ sign...

"I can live with doubt and uncertainty and not knowing. I think it is much more interesting to live not knowing than to have answers that might be wrong...

IEC 60228 is the International Electrotechnical Commission's international standard on conductors of insulated cables. Among other things, it defines a...

The IEC publishes a series of documents and rules governing the preparation of documents, drawings and the referencing of equipment.   Depending on country...

Motor starting and its associated problems are well-known to many people who have worked on large industrial processes. However, these things are, of course...

Cable insulation is used to provide electrical separation between conductors of  a cable.  During the historical development of cables, numerous types...

Years ago I was told that you should always try to write the best report you can.  Many years later I still think on this as one of the better pieces of...

Most installations involve some form of lightning protection system which is connected to an earth electrode.  The function of the earth electrode is to...

The windings of many medium and small sized transformers are protected by restricted earth fault (REF) systems. The illustration shows the principal of...