Notes

HTML Symbol Entities 

By on

HTML supports a variety of entity symbols which can be entered using either numbers or an entity name. The number or name is preceded by the ‘&’ sign and ends in a semi-colon (;). To enter a symbol switch to HTML view in the editor and enter the number or name (Ω for example).

Cut and past is also supported.  Select the symbol from this page, ‘ctrl C’ to copy.  Position the cursor in the editor and ‘ctrl V’ to paste.

Math Symbols

Character Entity Number Entity Name Description
∀ ∀ ∀ for all
∂ ∂ ∂ part
∃ ∃ ∃ exists
∅ ∅ ∅ empty
∇ ∇ ∇ nabla
∈ ∈ ∈ isin
∉ ∉ ∉ notin
∋ ∋ ∋ ni
∏ ∏ ∏ prod
∑ ∑ ∑ sum
− − − minus
∗ ∗ ∗ lowast
√ √ √ square root
∝ ∝ ∝ proportional to
∞ ∞ ∞ infinity
∠ ∠ ∠ angle
∧ ∧ ∧ and
∨ ∨ ∨ or
∩ ∩ ∩ cap
∪ ∪ ∪ cup
∫ ∫ ∫ integral
∴ ∴ ∴ therefore
∼ ∼ ∼ similar to
≅ ≅ ≅ congruent to
≈ ≈ ≈ almost equal
≠ ≠ ≠ not equal
≡ ≡ ≡ equivalent
≤ ≤ ≤ less or equal
≥ ≥ ≥ greater or equal
⊂ ⊂ ⊂ subset of
⊃ ⊃ ⊃ superset of
⊄ ⊄ ⊄ not subset of
⊆ ⊆ ⊆ subset or equal
⊇ ⊇ ⊇ superset or equal
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ circled plus
⊗ ⊗ ⊗ circled times
⊥ ⊥ ⊥ perpendicular
⋅ ⋅ ⋅ dot operator

Greek Letters

Character Entity Number Entity Name Description
Α Α Α Alpha
Β Β Β Beta
Γ Γ Γ Gamma
Δ Δ Δ Delta
Ε Ε Ε Epsilon
Ζ Ζ Ζ Zeta
Η Η Η Eta
Θ Θ Θ Theta
Ι Ι Ι Iota
Κ Κ Κ Kappa
Λ Λ Λ Lambda
Μ Μ Μ Mu
Ν Ν Ν Nu
Ξ Ξ Ξ Xi
Ο Ο Ο Omicron
Π Π Π Pi
Ρ Ρ Ρ Rho
Σ Σ Σ Sigma
Τ Τ Τ Tau
Υ Υ Υ Upsilon
Φ Φ Φ Phi
Χ Χ Χ Chi
Ψ Ψ Ψ Psi
Ω Ω Ω Omega
α α α alpha
β β β beta
γ γ γ gamma
δ δ δ delta
ε ε ε epsilon
ζ ζ ζ zeta
η η η eta
θ θ θ theta
ι ι ι iota
κ κ κ kappa
λ λ λ lambda
μ μ μ mu
ν ν ν nu
ξ ξ ξ xi
ο ο ο omicron
π π π pi
ρ ρ ρ rho
ς ς ς sigmaf
σ σ σ sigma
τ τ τ tau
υ υ υ upsilon
φ φ φ phi
χ χ χ chi
ψ ψ ψ psi
ω ω ω omega
ϑ ϑ ϑ theta symbol
ϒ ϒ ϒ upsilon symbol
ϖ ϖ ϖ pi symbol

Other Entities

Character Entity Number Entity Name Description
ΠΠΠcapital ligature OE
œ œ œ small ligature oe
Š Š Š capital S with caron
š š š small S with caron
Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ capital Y with diaeres
ƒ ƒ ƒ f with hook
ˆ ˆ ˆ modifier letter circumflex accent
˜ ˜ ˜ small tilde
    en space
    em space
    thin space
‌ ‌ ‌ zero width non-joiner
‍ ‍ ‍ zero width joiner
‎ ‎ ‎ left-to-right mark
‏ ‏ ‏ right-to-left mark
– – – en dash
— — — em dash
‘ ‘ ‘ left single quotation mark
’ ’ ’ right single quotation mark
‚ ‚ ‚ single low-9 quotation mark
“ “ “ left double quotation mark
” ” ” right double quotation mark
„ „ „ double low-9 quotation mark
† † † dagger
‡ ‡ ‡ double dagger
• • • bullet
… … … horizontal ellipsis
‰ ‰ ‰ per mille
′ ′ ′ minutes
″ ″ ″ seconds
‹ ‹ ‹ single left angle quotation
› › › single right angle quotation
‾ ‾ ‾ overline
€ € € euro
™ ™ ™ trademark
← ← ← left arrow
↑ ↑ ↑ up arrow
→ → → right arrow
↓ ↓ ↓ down arrow
↔ ↔ ↔ left right arrow
↵ ↵ ↵ carriage return arrow
⌈ ⌈ ⌈ left ceiling
⌉ ⌉ ⌉ right ceiling
⌊ ⌊ ⌊ left floor
⌋ ⌋ ⌋ right floor
◊ ◊ ◊ lozenge
♠ ♠ ♠ spade
♣ ♣ ♣ club
♥ ♥ ♥ heart
♦ ♦ ♦ diamond

 

ASCI Codes

In addition to HTML symbol entities, it is sometimes useful to be able to quickly enter symbols using ASCI codes. 

The enter a symbol using ASCI codes, press 'Alt' and type the code on the number keypad.

The following table lists some of the more useful codes for your posts:

Arrows Greek Other

↨ - 23, up and down arrow

↑ - 24, up arrow

↓ - 25, down arrow

→ - 26, right arrow

← - 27, left arrow

↔ - 29, left and right arrow

α - 224, Alpha

Γ - 226, Gamma

π - 227, Pi

Σ - 228, summation

σ - 229, Sigma

µ - 230, Mu

τ - 231, Tau

Φ - 232, Phi

Θ -233, Theta

Ω - 234, Omega

δ - 235, delta

∞ - 236, infinity

φ - 237, Phi

ε - 238, Epsilon

≡  - 240, equivalent symbol

± - 241, plus or minus

≥ - 242, greater or equal

≤ -243 less or equal

÷ - 246, division

≈ - 247 approximate

° - 248, degree symbol

√ - 251, square root

 Example:
To enter Ω, press the ‘Alt’ key and enter 234 on the numeric keypad.

, ,

More interesting Notes:
Steven McFadyen's avatar Steven McFadyen

Steven has over twenty five years experience working on some of the largest construction projects. He has a deep technical understanding of electrical engineering and is keen to share this knowledge. About the author

myElectrical Engineering

comments powered by Disqus

Meeting room of the future

The IET site has a video of a visit showing of a high tech meeting room developed at Napier University in Edinburgh. It a good demonstration of innovative...

Post Editing Tips

If you at all familiar with programs like office and outlook, then adding and editing posts is pretty straightforward and intuitive.  However, there are...

Arc Flash Calculations

Working in the vicinity of electrical equipment poses an hazard. In addition to electric shock hazard, fault currents passing through air causes Arc Flash...

Introduction to Current Transformers

Current transformers (CTs) are used to convert high level currents to a smaller more reasonable level for use as inputs to protection relays and metering...

Are We Losing Professional Integrity

I have been thinking recently that there appears to be less professional integrity around than when I first started my career in electrical engineering...

Switchboard - Forms of Internal Separation

IEC 61439 'Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies', specifies standard arrangements of switchboard (call forms of internal separation). The...

How a Digital Substation Works

Traditionally substations have used circuit breakers, current transformers (CT), voltage transformers (VT) and protection relays all wired together using...

How to Check a Circuit is Dead

If you want to check a circuit is dead (not live), you should always use the three point method. First check a known live circuit, then check the dead...

Fault Calculations - Introduction

Fault calculations are one of the most common types of calculation carried out during the design and analysis of electrical systems. These calculations...

Thomas Edison

American inventor Thomas Alva Edison was born in Milan, Ohio on February 11, 1847. He was the youngest of seven children and received little formal schooling...

Have some knowledge to share

If you have some expert knowledge or experience, why not consider sharing this with our community.  

By writing an electrical note, you will be educating our users and at the same time promoting your expertise within the engineering community.

To get started and understand our policy, you can read our How to Write an Electrical Note. 

Footer
(click here to extend)
Copyright (c) 2026 myElectrical