The IEC publishes a series of documents and rules governing the preparation of documents, drawings and the referencing of equipment.   Depending on country...

Carrying out a protection system discrimination study is critical to ensure the correct functioning of  the electrical system in the event of faults. ...

The windings of many medium and small sized transformers are protected by restricted earth fault (REF) systems. The illustration shows the principal of...

If you want to check a circuit is dead (not live), you should always use the three point method. First check a known live circuit, then check the dead...

The other day I came across an article in Technology Review on the development of a smart transformer. A professor at North Carolina State University is...

I was digging in my bookshelf and came across the 80th Anniversary Association of Mine Resident Engineers, Papers and Discussions Commemorative Edition...

HTML supports a variety of entity symbols which can be entered using either numbers or an entity name.  The number or name is preceded by the ‘&’ sign...

If your are ever called out to troubleshoot something on your electrical system, one of the first things consider is the supply voltage. You want to ensure...

A single phase system is perhaps the most common type of system most people are familiar with. This is what people have in their homes and what appliances...

Lead acid batteries are cost effect and reliable, making them suitable for many applications.This note examines topics of interest associated with the...