A battery consists of one or more cells, each of which use stored chemical energy to produce electrical energy, There are many types of cells and these...

Most installations involve some form of lightning protection system which is connected to an earth electrode.  The function of the earth electrode is to...

The standard aims to consolidate AC and traction voltages within the industry and defines the following bands: band 1 - A.C. systems 100 V to 1...

Years ago I was told that you should always try to write the best report you can.  Many years later I still think on this as one of the better pieces of...

The term 'N+1' relates to redundancy and simply means that if you required 'N' items of equipment for something to work, you would have one additional...

American inventor Thomas Alva Edison was born in Milan, Ohio on February 11, 1847. He was the youngest of seven children and received little formal schooling...

I received this question by email a few weeks. First thoughts was that it is a product of the mathematics of rotating a straight conductor in a magnetic...

A single phase system is perhaps the most common type of system most people are familiar with. This is what people have in their homes and what appliances...

Circuit breakers are switching devices whose primary function is to isolate parts of an electrical distribution system in the even of abnormal conditions...

In three phase systems, the use of transformers with three windings (or legs) per side is common.  These three windings are often connected in delta or...