Three phase systems are derived from three separate windings, either connected in delta or star (wye). Each winding can be treated separately, leading...

The fundamental component of any analogue computer is the operational amplifier, or op amp. An operational amplifier (often called an op-amp,) is a high...

Using laser optical pulses the random number generator utilizes the time between arrival of random photos to generate the numbers, ensuring true accuracy...

Per unit fault calculations is a method whereby system impedances and quantities are normalised across different voltage levels to a common base.  By removing...

Most installations involve some form of lightning protection system which is connected to an earth electrode.  The function of the earth electrode is to...

This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.

Circuit breakers are switching devices whose primary function is to isolate parts of an electrical distribution system in the even of abnormal conditions...

Reading is a bit of a hobby of mine and I"ve done a few off-topic posts in the past on this. Rather than continue doing the occasional post I thought ...

Lamps are the essential part of any luminaire. These are the light generating components. Since the advent of electrical lighting in the middle of the...

Often document control is dictated by project requirements, for example a particular organisation may have an existing numbering system. Existing company...