The European Union is implementing a voluntary code of practice for participants with the aim of improving the overall efficiency of data centres. As part...

Alternating current (a.c.) is the backbone of modern electrical power distribution. In this article I’ll be pulling some of the more important concepts...

When selecting a cable, the performance of the cable under fault conditions is an important consideration. It is important that calculations be carried...

I received this question by email a few weeks. First thoughts was that it is a product of the mathematics of rotating a straight conductor in a magnetic...

The IEC publishes a series of documents and rules governing the preparation of documents, drawings and the referencing of equipment.   Depending on country...

Most installations involve some form of lightning protection system which is connected to an earth electrode.  The function of the earth electrode is to...

Many medium voltage (MV) indoor switchgear rooms  exist worldwide. The complexity of these rooms varies considerably depending on location, function and...

If two dissimilar metals are touching and an external conducting path exists, corrosion of one the metals can take place.  Moisture or other materials...

While there are a vast array of cable insulation materials, these are often divided into two general types; Thermoplastic or Thermosetting. For example...

The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.