I think this post is going to be helpful to several of our readers. While the IEC low voltage circuit breaker Standard [IEC 60947-2, Low voltage switchgear...

Control theory looks at how systems work and are controlled from a mathematical view.  This note gives a brief introduction to some of the concepts – more...

The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.

Depending where in the world you work, you are likely following one of two standards International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) National...

Carrying out a protection system discrimination study is critical to ensure the correct functioning of  the electrical system in the event of faults. ...

Electrical notes are a collaborative collection of electrical engineering information and educational material. Any registered user can add content. ...

Motor starting and its associated problems are well-known to many people who have worked on large industrial processes. However, these things are, of course...

Battery powered cars are a hot topic and widely debated. The pros, cons, issues and time frames can be talked about endlessly. An article by the Telegraph...

Two driverless and solar power vans have departed from Italy on their way to China via the silk road. During the 13,000 kM trip the vans will drive themselves...

Electromechanical relays have been the traditional backbone of electrical protection systems.  While over recent years these have been replaced by microprocessor...