Following on from my post on railway electrification voltages, I thought an introduction to traction substations would be a good idea. Traction substations...

If you have no idea how electrical circuits work, or what people mean then they talk about volts and amps, hopefully I can shed a bit light.  I’m intending...

While there are a vast array of cable insulation materials, these are often divided into two general types; Thermoplastic or Thermosetting. For example...

This is the first of two posts on the resistance of conductors. In the next post I will look at the ac resistance, including skin effect and we deal with...

Depending where in the world you work, you are likely following one of two standards International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) National...

It wasn't so long ago I was telling someone that I don't use rules of thumb as most things are easily calculated anyhow.   As it turns out I last week...

We have had the Wiki with us for a long time now, but at last I have decided to say bye bye – more details on why below.

The (relatively new) switchgear and control gear standard, IEC 61439 'Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies' has three methods which can be...

A single phase system is perhaps the most common type of system most people are familiar with. This is what people have in their homes and what appliances...

The image (reproduced from IEC 60909) shows a typical fault in an ac system.  From the illustration it can seen that there is an initial dc component ...