The windings of many medium and small sized transformers are protected by restricted earth fault (REF) systems. The illustration shows the principal of...

The inventor of the first visible light-emitting diode makes history again this year as it begins to show customers a 40-watt replacement GE Energy Smart...

In the previous note we looked at the approach taken by the standard to the sizing of cables and illustrated this with an example.  We then looked at one...

In three phase systems, the use of transformers with three windings (or legs) per side is common.  These three windings are often connected in delta or...

When sizing cables, the heat generated  by losses within any sheath or armour need to be evaluated. When significant, it becomes a factor to be considered...

The other day I came across an article in Technology Review on the development of a smart transformer. A professor at North Carolina State University is...

Motor starting and its associated problems are well-known to many people who have worked on large industrial processes. However, these things are, of course...

IEEE TV has a part series of videos on wind power and it's implication. For a really good overview to the technologies and issues around wind power, these...

Modelica is an open source (free) software language for modelling complex systems. Having never used it before, I thought I would download a development...

A UPS is an uninterruptible power supply.  It is a device which maintains a continuous supply of electrical power, even in the event of failure of the...