Fundamental electrical engineering concepts and theory
Three phase systems are derived from three separate windings, either connected in delta or star (wye). Each winding can be treated separately, leading...
For unbalance conditions the calculation of fault currents is more complex. One method of dealing with this is symmetrical components. Using symmetrical...
The European Union is implementing a voluntary code of practice for participants with the aim of improving the overall efficiency of data centres. As part...
In three phase systems, the use of transformers with three windings (or legs) per side is common. These three windings are often connected in delta or...
One of the fundamental requirements of an alternating current distribution systems it to have the ability to change the magnitude of voltages. It is more...
The IEC publishes a series of documents and rules governing the preparation of documents, drawings and the referencing of equipment. Depending on country...
The image (reproduced from IEC 60909) shows a typical fault in an ac system. From the illustration it can seen that there is an initial dc component ...
In a previous article I looked at the dc resistance of conductors and in this article we turn our attention to ac resistance. If you have not read the...
Installation of a UPS can help in reducing problems due to issues with the power supply. A lot of people relate this to nine key issues. Depending on...
Lamps are the essential part of any luminaire. These are the light generating components. Since the advent of electrical lighting in the middle of the...
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