Insulation on a motor prevents interconnection of windings and the winding to earth.  When looking at motors, it is important to understand how the insulation...

I have been thinking recently that there appears to be less professional integrity around than when I first started my career in electrical engineering...

Most installations involve some form of lightning protection system which is connected to an earth electrode.  The function of the earth electrode is to...

While not as popular as it once was, frame leakage protection does still have some use in some circumstances.  In essence frame leakage is an earth fault...

Coils of wire on the rotor carry a d.c. current which generates a magnetic field. A stator magnetic field is created using either permanent magnets or...

Using laser optical pulses the random number generator utilizes the time between arrival of random photos to generate the numbers, ensuring true accuracy...

The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.

A load flow study is the analysis of an electrical network carried out by an electrical engineer. The purpose is to understand how power flows around...

When selecting a cable, the performance of the cable under fault conditions is an important consideration. It is important that calculations be carried...

In an earlier note on the site [Photovoltaic (PV) - Electrical Calculations], the theory of solar (PV) cell calculations was introduced.  In particular...