The following tables provide quick order of magnitude fault levels for a a range of typical low voltage situations.

Problems on achieving maximum voltage drop within an installation come up often. Depending where you live, local regulations will have different limits...

Lead acid batteries are cost effect and reliable, making them suitable for many applications.This note examines topics of interest associated with the...

There are a lot of interesting two page type notes on various medium voltage topics – switchgear, circuit breakers, bus systems etc. It is on the Siemens...

A recurring theme on our forums is cable sizing. Now many installations are unique and require special consideration. However, a lot of the time things...

A couple of months ago I came Microsoft's OneNote and downloaded the 60 day free trail. Since then I have been using it regularly and now have a full license...

‘Kept looking at a card, y’see? Kept looking at it. Welcome back Bottle. Gods below welcome home. The Crippled God A Tale of the Malazan Book of the...

Variable frequency drives are widely used to control the speed of ac motors.  This note looks at the mechanisms which enable drive units to control the...

This post is quick introduction and overview to different railway electrification voltages used in answer to a question sent in via email. While there...

A single phase system is perhaps the most common type of system most people are familiar with. This is what people have in their homes and what appliances...