A UPS is an uninterruptible power supply. It is a device which maintains a continuous supply of electrical power, even in the event of failure of the...
Motor starting and its associated problems are well-known to many people who have worked on large industrial processes. However, these things are, of course...
In an earlier note on the site [Photovoltaic (PV) - Electrical Calculations], the theory of solar (PV) cell calculations was introduced. In particular...
Using software in our work is essential for most of us and we are becoming even more dependant on it's use. While software is a great asset, many times...
Following on from my post on railway electrification voltages, I thought an introduction to traction substations would be a good idea. Traction substations...
The (relatively new) switchgear and control gear standard, IEC 61439 'Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies' has three methods which can be...
A fundamental concept behind the operation of alternating current systems is that voltage and current waveforms will be sinusoidal – a Sine Wave. This...
I'm a fan of using manufacturers catalogues. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, if your involved in the purchase of equipment, you will likely...
Variable frequency drives are widely used to control the speed of ac motors. This note looks at the mechanisms which enable drive units to control the...
The correct sizing of current transformers is required to ensure satisfactory operation of measuring instruments and protection relays. Several methods...
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