Motor Efficiency Classification 

By on

Electric motors are one of the most widely used items of electrical equipment.  Improving motor efficiency benefits include, reduced power demand, lower operating costs and reduced environment impact. 

In recognising the impact of motors on both power generation requirements and environmental issues, regulation in many countries now dictate efficiency limits.  When specifying motors, both designers and purchasers should be concerned with efficiency performance.

Within the note, we look at both the European Efficiency Classification and IEC 60034 Efficiency Limits.  At the end we give some guidance on how to calculate the cost savings associated with the user of higher efficiency motors. 

European Efficiency Classification

CEMEPEfficiencies
European Efficiency Classification
The European Scheme to designate energy efficiency classes for low voltage AC motors has been in operation since 1999. The scheme established through co-opera ton between CEMEP and the European Commission is an important element of the European efforts to improve energy efficiency and thus reduce CO2 emissions.

How it works

Motors are defined by levels of efficiency per kW rating and the number of poles. The efficiency is expressed at both full load and 3/4 load and labels must appear on the motor.

Motors included in the scheme are defined as totally enclosed fan ventilated (normally IP 54 or IP 55), three phase AC, squirrel cage [[induction motor|induction motors]] in the range of 1.1 to 90 kW, rated for 400 V, 50 Hz, S1 duty class standard design.
 

Efficiency values

For motors designed 380 to 400 V with efficiency values based on 400 V.

2 pole motor specified efficiencies (%)
kW EFF1 EFF2 EFF3
1.1 >= 82.8 >= 76.2 < 76.2
1.5 >= 84.1 >= 78.5 < 78.5
2.2 >= 85.6 >= 81 < 81
3 >= 86.7 >= 82.6 < 82.6
4 >= 87.6 >= 84.2 < 84.2
5.5 >= 88.6 >= 85.7 < 85.7
7.5 >= 89.5 >= 87 < 87
11 >= 90.5 >= 88.4 < 88.4
15 >= 91.3 >= 89.4 < 89.4
18.5 >= 91.8 >= 90 < 90
22 >= 92.2 >= 90.5 < 90.5
30 >= 92.9 >= 91.4 < 91.4
37 >= 93.3 >= 92 < 92
45 >= 93.7 >= 92.5 < 92.5
55 >= 94 >= 93 < 93
75 >= 94.6 >= 93.6 < 93.6
90 >= 95 >= 93.9 < 93.9
4 pole motor specified efficiencies (%)
kW EFF1 EFF2 EFF3
>= 1.1 83.8 >= 76.2 < 76.2
>= 1.5 85 >= 78.5 < 78.5
>= 2.2 86.4 >= 81 < 81
>= 3 87.4 >= 82.6 < 82.6
>= 4 88.3 >= 84.2 < 84.2
>= 5.5 89.2 >= 85.7 < 85.7
>= 7.5 90.1 >= 87 < 87
>= 11 91 >= 88.4 <8 8.4
>= 15 91.8 >= 89.4 < 89.4
>= 18.5 92.2 >= 90 < 90
>= 22 92.6 >= 90.5 < 90.5
>= 30 93.2 >= 91.4 < 91.4
>= 37 93.6 >= 92 < 92
>= 45 93.9 >= 92.5 < 92.5
>= 55 94.2 >= 93 < 93
>= 75 94.7 >= 93.6 < 93.6
>= 90 95 >=9 3.9 < 93.9


IEC 60034 Efficiency Limits

Image(9)
IEC 60034 Efficiency Limits
IEC 60034-30 defines three efficiency classes for of single speed, three phase, cage induction motors.

IE1 - Standard efficiency (efficiency levels roughly equivalent to EFF2)

IE2 - High efficiency (efficiency levels roughly equivalent to EFF1, identical to EPAct in USA)

IE3 - Premium efficiency (identical to "NEMA
Premium" in the USA)

IEC 60034-30 covers almost all motors, with the notable exceptions of motors made solely for converter operation and motors completely integrated into a machine (and which cannot be tested separately) .

IEC 60034 Efficiency Limits
Efficiency limit values IEC 60034-30; 2008

Output
kw
IE1 - Standard Efficiency IE2 - High  Efficiency IE3 - Premium  Efficiency
2 pole 4 pole 6 pole 2 pole 4 pole 6 pole 2 pole 4 pole 6 pole
0.75 72.1 72.1 70.0 77.4 79.6 75.9 80.7 82.5 78.9
1.1 75.0 75.0 72.9 79.6 81.4 78.1 82.7 84.1 81.0
1.5 77.2 77.2 75.2 81.3 82.8 79.8 84.2 85.3 82.5
2.2 79.7 79.7 77.7 83.2 84.3 81.8 85.9 86.7 84.3
3 81.5 81.5 79.7 84.6 85.5 83.3 87.1 87.7 85.6
4 83.1 83.1 81.4 85.8 86.6 84.6 88.1 88.6 86.8
5.5 84.7 84.7 83.1 87.0 87.7 86.0 89.2 89.6 88.0
7.5 86.0 86.0 84.7 88.1 88.7 87.2 90.1 90.4 89.1
11 87.6 87.6 86.4 89.4 89.8 88.7 91.2 91.4 90.3
15 88.7 88.7 87.7 90.3 90.6 89.7 91.9 92.1 91.2
18.5 89.3 89.3 88.6 90.9 91.2 90.4 92.4 92.6 91.7
22 89.9 89.9 89.2 91.3 91.6 90.9 92.7 93.0 92.2
30 90.7 90.7 90.2 92.0 92.3 91.7 93.3 93.6 92.9
37 91.2 91.2 90.8 92.5 92.7 92.2 93.7 93.9 93.3
45 91.7 91.7 91.4 92.9 93.1 92.7 94.0 94.2 93.7
55 92.1 92.1 91.9 93.2 93.5 93.1 94.3 94.6 94.1
75 92.7 92.7 92.6 93.8 94.0 93.7 94.7 95.0 94.6
90 93.0 93.0 92.9 94.1 94.2 94.0 95.0 95.2 94.9
110 93.3 93.3 93.3 94.3 94.5 94.3 95.2 95.4 95.1
132 93.5 93.5 93.5 94.6 94.7 94.6 95.4 95.6 95.4
160 93.7 93.8 93.8 94.8 94.9 94.8 95.6 95.8 95.6
200 94.0 94.0 94.0 95.0 95.1 95.0 95.8 96.0 95.8
250 94.0 94.0 94.0 95.0 95.1 95.0 95.8 96.0 95.8
315 94.0 94.0 94.0 95.0 95.1 95.0 95.8 96.0 95.8
355 94.0 94.0 94.0 95.0 95.1 95.0 95.8 96.0 95.8
375 94.0 94.0 94.0 95.0 95.1 95.0 95.8 96.0 95.8

 

From June 16, 2011 machine builders are only permitted to use high-efficiency motors with a minimum efficiency class of IE2 (IEC 60034:2008). The new EU Directive 2005/32/EC is applicable to low-voltage asynchronous motors of 0.75 to 375 kW.

The aim of the change is that by reducing losses, carbon-dioxide emissions and operating costs are reduced.

Calculation of cost savings

A quick calculation of annual savings is given by:

myElectrical Equation
where:
  • hrs        = annual running time (hours)
  • kW        = motor rating in kW
  • %FL       = fraction of full load power motor is running at
  • Rate      = electricity cost per kWh
  • ηstd       = efficiency of standard motor
  • ηeff        = efficiency of better motor


Steven McFadyen's avatar Steven McFadyen

Steven has over twenty five years experience working on some of the largest construction projects. He has a deep technical understanding of electrical engineering and is keen to share this knowledge. About the author

myElectrical Engineering

comments powered by Disqus



Motor Efficiency Classification

Electric motors are one of the most widely used items of electrical equipment. Improving motor efficiency benefits include, reduced power demand, lower...

Smarter Electrical Distribution

The other day I came across an article in Technology Review on the development of a smart transformer. A professor at North Carolina State University is...

Earth Electrode Resistance

Earthing of electrical systems is essential for the correct functioning and the protecting of life and equipment in the event of faults.  The earth electrode...

Low Voltage Switchroom Design Guide

Low voltage (LV) switchrooms are common across all industries and one of the more common spatial requirements which need to be designed into a project...

Variable Frequency Drive

Variable frequency drives are widely used to control the speed of ac motors.  This note looks at the mechanisms which enable drive units to control the...

How D.C. to A.C. Inverters Work

Traditionally generation of electricity has involved rotating machines to produce alternating sinusoidal voltage and current (a.c. systems). With the development...

Lead Acid Batteries

Lead acid batteries are cost effect and reliable, making them suitable for many applications.This note examines topics of interest associated with the...

How to Size Power Cable Duct

Some colleagues had an issue earlier in the week on sizing conduits to be cast in concrete for some power cables . It became clear that none of us had...

Battery Sizing

This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.

Capacitor Theory

Capacitors are widely used in electrical engineering for functions such as energy storage, power factor correction, voltage compensation and many others...

Have some knowledge to share

If you have some expert knowledge or experience, why not consider sharing this with our community.  

By writing an electrical note, you will be educating our users and at the same time promoting your expertise within the engineering community.

To get started and understand our policy, you can read our How to Write an Electrical Note