Capacitors have numerous applications in electrical and electronic applications.  This note examines the use of capacitors to store electrical energy....

Light Emitting Diodes (LED ) are increasing gaining favour in both the domestic and commercial sectors; due to their efficiency, sustainability and durability...

Circuit breakers are switching devices whose primary function is to isolate parts of an electrical distribution system in the even of abnormal conditions...

When current flows within a wire, a magnetic field is created. The potion of this magnetic field perpendicular to the wire is called the magnetic flux...

The windings of many medium and small sized transformers are protected by restricted earth fault (REF) systems. The illustration shows the principal of...

In three phase systems, the use of transformers with three windings (or legs) per side is common.  These three windings are often connected in delta or...

From the earliest times, humans have found ways to create light. Pre-historic peoples used natural materials (moss, grass, etc.) soaked in animal fat and...

The European Union is implementing a voluntary code of practice for participants with the aim of improving the overall efficiency of data centres. As part...

The calculation of current in a three phase system has been brought up on our site feedback and is a discussion I seem to get involved in every now and...

A recurring theme on our forums is cable sizing. Now many installations are unique and require special consideration. However, a lot of the time things...