When thinking about watts (W) or kilowatt (kW = 1000 W) it can be useful too keep in mind the fundamental ideas behind the unit. Watt is not a pure electrical...

Electrical engineering is a field that covers a wide variety of sub-fields, including electricity and electronics. It is a field that goes back to the...

Electrical notes are a collaborative collection of electrical engineering information and educational material. Any registered user can add content. ...

Problems on achieving maximum voltage drop within an installation come up often. Depending where you live, local regulations will have different limits...

The term 'N+1' relates to redundancy and simply means that if you required 'N' items of equipment for something to work, you would have one additional...

This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.

Control theory looks at how systems work and are controlled from a mathematical view.  This note gives a brief introduction to some of the concepts – more...

IEC 62305 'Protection against lightning' requires a risk assessment be carried out to determine the characteristics of any lightning protection system...

In an earlier note on the site [Photovoltaic (PV) - Electrical Calculations], the theory of solar (PV) cell calculations was introduced.  In particular...

This post is quick introduction and overview to different railway electrification voltages used in answer to a question sent in via email. While there...