Fault calculations are one of the most common types of calculation carried out during the design and analysis of electrical systems. These calculations...
The standard aims to consolidate AC and traction voltages within the industry and defines the following bands: band 1 - A.C. systems 100 V to 1...
One of the requirements to ensuring that everything works is to have equipment selected, manufactured and verified [tested] to IEC standards. Not all equipment...
From the earliest times, humans have found ways to create light. Pre-historic peoples used natural materials (moss, grass, etc.) soaked in animal fat and...
Various arguments exist around SF6 Gas Insulated (GIS) and Air Insulated (AIS) medium voltage switchgear. Recently we had to change a GIS design to AI...
How often installations are inspected is up to the owner of the installation, provided such durations do not exceed any regulatory maximums in force. ...
A battery consists of one or more cells, each of which use stored chemical energy to produce electrical energy, There are many types of cells and these...
This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.
A fundamental concept behind the operation of alternating current systems is that voltage and current waveforms will be sinusoidal – a Sine Wave. This...
Many questions sent in to the site are in connection with motor starting and in particular star-delta. For all but the simplest application, there is...
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