Problems on achieving maximum voltage drop within an installation come up often. Depending where you live, local regulations will have different limits...

Often document control is dictated by project requirements, for example a particular organisation may have an existing numbering system. Existing company...

When selecting a generator, there are inherent limits on the active and reactive power which can be delivered. Generators are normally sized for a certain...

A lot of our members work in countries where PPE (personal protective equipment) is regulated or they work for companies/organizations which take employee...

Fault calculations are one of the most common types of calculation carried out during the design and analysis of electrical systems. These calculations...

A fundamental concept behind the operation of alternating current systems is that voltage and current waveforms will be sinusoidal – a Sine Wave. This...

I have been thinking recently that there appears to be less professional integrity around than when I first started my career in electrical engineering...

The image (reproduced from IEC 60909) shows a typical fault in an ac system.  From the illustration it can seen that there is an initial dc component ...

Earthing of electrical systems is essential for the correct functioning and the protecting of life and equipment in the event of faults.  The earth electrode...

A couple of months ago I came Microsoft's OneNote and downloaded the 60 day free trail. Since then I have been using it regularly and now have a full license...