For unbalance conditions the calculation of fault currents is more complex. One method of dealing with this is symmetrical components. Using symmetrical...

A single phase system is perhaps the most common type of system most people are familiar with. This is what people have in their homes and what appliances...

When thinking about watts (W) or kilowatt (kW = 1000 W) it can be useful too keep in mind the fundamental ideas behind the unit. Watt is not a pure electrical...

Most installations involve some form of lightning protection system which is connected to an earth electrode.  The function of the earth electrode is to...

I have been thinking recently that there appears to be less professional integrity around than when I first started my career in electrical engineering...

In the previous note we looked at the approach taken by the standard to the sizing of cables and illustrated this with an example.  We then looked at one...

Motor starting and its associated problems are well-known to many people who have worked on large industrial processes. However, these things are, of course...

In a previous article I looked at the dc resistance of conductors and in this article we turn our attention to ac resistance. If you have not read the...

Famed English chemist and physicist Michael Faraday was born on September 22, 1791, in Newington Butts, a suburb of Surrey just south of the London Bridge...

This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.